Parts of Speech in English Grammar

1. NOUN

A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

Examples:
Teacher • Kolkata • Book • Honesty

🔹 Exam Focus:
Common • Proper • Collective • Abstract • Material

2. PRONOUN

A word used in place of a noun to avoid repetition.

Example:
Rahul is absent because he is ill.

Here, he replaces Rahul.

🔹 Types of Pronoun:
Personal • Relative • Demonstrative • Interrogative • Reflexive

3. VERB

A word that expresses an action, an occurrence, or a state of being.

Examples:
She writes well.
The glass broke.
He is happy.

🔹 Types of Verbs:
Main Verb + Helping Verb

4. ADJECTIVE

A word that describes or gives more information about a noun or pronoun.

Examples:
a difficult question
an honest person
three books

🔹Types of Adjectives
Quality • Quantity • Number • Demonstrative
Degree of Comparison
Good → Better → Best

5. ADVERB

A word that modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb, or sometimes an entire sentence.

Examples:
He runs quickly.
It is very cold.
She speaks quite clearly.

🔹 Quick Check:
Ask: How? When? Where? To what extent?

6. PREPOSITION

A word that shows the relationship between a noun/pronoun and another word in the sentence.

Examples:
The book is on the table.
She arrived after lunch.

🔹 Common:
in • on • at • by • for • from • with • between

7. CONJUNCTION

A word that connects words, phrases, or clauses.

Examples:
Ravi and Amit.
Work hard or you may fail.
I stayed home because it rained.

🔹 Quick Check:
Coordinating • Subordinating • Correlative

8. INTERJECTION

A word or short expression that expresses a sudden emotion or reaction.

Examples:
Wow! What a performance!
Alas! He lost the match.